Optimisation of Transportation Logistics of Crude Oil and Other Petroleum Products Through Pipelines, Railways and Marine Transport for Economic and Sustainability in Nigeria

Abstract

Globally, crude oil has become one of the actively transacted commodity. steadily over the decades its demand has been growing. Oil and gas are essential commodities which requires reliable means of conveyed from the upstream to downstream. Despite of the earth’s abundance of oil, its gets increasingly scarce. It is crucial to explore the safety and efficiency of the various ways it is transported to great distances. One of the sustainable and reliable means of conveying large quantities of oil and gas from one destination to another is by constructed pipelines. Nigeria also used pipeline as the means of transportation crude oil and other refined products. The constraints of other modes in the carrying of refined products over long distances provide a great challenge and opportunity for the pipeline mode to be recognized. The objectives of this piece of research is to investigate transportation logistics optimization of crude oil movement and other petroleum products at home and outside the country. domestically, internationally through pipelines, railways, maritime transport, present and future challenges in oil industry in northeast in Nigeria. As far as this piece of research is concern the transportation of crude oil and other oil products, pipelines is considering as most favourable. Hence, it is significant to focus into what will be the safest, most efficient, and most cost-effective means of transport for future venture.